In a product business the closing stock figure is one of the largest single inputs to profit, and so to tax, and it needs counting rather than estimating.
March
April
May
June
Cost booked when the stock is bought
−£20,000
Cost matched to the month it sells
−£20,000
£20,000 of stock bought in March and sold in June.
How should I be tracking stock and cost of goods?
Properly, because without it your margin is a guess. The minimum is a cost of goods figure that moves with sales rather than with purchases: buying £20,000 of stock in March does not make March a bad month, and selling it in June does not make June a good one. That means a stock count at least at the year end, ideally quarterly, and a system that values what is on hand. Landed cost matters too — duty, freight and fulfilment fees belong in cost of goods.
Returns and refunds
A high-returns category needs a provision, otherwise December overstates profit and January understates it when the goods come back. Returns also change what you can afford to spend acquiring a customer.
DecemberSales made, and a provision for the goods expected back
JanuaryRefunds paid out against that provision